To what extent and in what ways is Fitzgerald purely critical of Gatsby’s dreams?

One of the main themes of ‘The Great Gatsby' is that of dreams, none of which is more noticeable than Gatsby's own dream of five years in his pursuit of Daisy. What is less obvious is how Fitzgerald wants us to react to these dreams, and whether he is being purely critical of them or whether he in fact does also reveal some good in them. In this essay I aim to show that although in a lot of ways Fitzgerald is critical of Gatsby's dreams, for example by ensuring that Daisy can never live up to the vision of herself which Gatsby has created, he is not entirely disapproving and in several cases even goes as far as to suggest that dreaming is what makes us human. One way in which we may be unsure about Fitzgerald's presentation of Gatsby's dreams is whether they are meant to appear romantic or slightly pathetic. At face value it can seem to be extremely romantic that Gatsby has waited these five years and remained so loyal to Daisy, and I think that it this way Fitzgerald wants us to be on Gatsby's side. Gatsby himself is portrayed as being a very romantic character and this can be seen in his speech when he talks about the past, for example telling Nick that â€Å"His heart beat faster as Daisy's white face came up to his own. He knew that when he kissed this girl, and forever wed his unutterable visions to her perishable breath, his mind would never romp again like the mind of God†. Fitzgerald clearly is making Gatsby appear to be very wistful and dreamlike, and also is making us more sympathetic to him by making his affair with Daisy and his dreams appear to be very romantic. This would obviously cause the reader to sympathise more with Gatsby later in the book when everything falls apart, and I think that it is clearly true that Gatsby believes that his love of Daisy is very perfect and beautiful. However, this quotation could also be read that Gatsby is going too over the top and is trapped in the past by his dreams. Another good place to see this occurring is when Nick warns Gatsby that he cannot recreate the past and Gatsby replies with â€Å"‘Can't repeat the past? Why of course you can! ‘†. This seems like a very irrational thing for Gatsby to say and it begins us questioning what he really wants from his dreams, whether it is Daisy or just to have the past back as it was. Fitzgerald may be doing this to show Gatsby as a man who is just clutching at a past he no longer has and this may make him appear slightly pathetic. The exclamation mark gives him a sense of panic and questioning makes him appear to be almost incredulous to any other way of seeing the situation, which I think is more critical of Gatsby's dreams as they have blinded him to reality. Overall however, when it comes to romanticism or a slightly pathetic appearance, Fitzgerald remains quite ambiguous and leaves it more up to the reader to reach a decision by themselves. , Whichever way it is viewed however, I think in both situations we still have sympathy for Gatsby when his reality doesn't quite live up to the vision. When Fitzgerald comments that â€Å"no amount of fire or freshness can challenge what a man can store up in his ghostly heart†, I think that he is making the quite depressing point here that dreams will always disappoint in the end because reality can never live up to what you can dream of. This is quite a negative view of the outcome of dreams but is perhaps not entirely critical of the idea of having dreams and something to strive for in the first place. Although it may appear that Fitzgerald is condemning dreaming, I actually believe that in this case he may be more positive about it than it seems at first. The character of Gatsby is portrayed as a dreamer, and these aims and human feelings which he possesses ensure that he is much more of an attractive character than for example, Jordan, who has no such dreams or ambitions for the future and is often associated with words such as â€Å"lazy† and â€Å"cool†. This makes her seem a lot less human than Gatsby and we empathise with him far more, which I think Fitzgerald wants us to do. This suggests that Fitzgerald is supportive of ‘the dreamer' and tells us that he is not opposed to the idea of dreams in general. In fact he associates the illusion with the phrase â€Å"colossal vitality† which again evokes the idea that dreams are linked with the essence of being human and that Fitzgerald views Gatsby's dreams with something other than pure criticism. One of the main criticisms which Fitzgerald does have of Gatsby's dreams is the materialism inherent with them. To gain Daisy's affections, Gatsby accumulates extortionate wealth and belongings to attract her, and Daisy herself represents something of the materialistic upper class which Gatsby strives to become a part of. This is very concisely put when Gatsby says of Daisy â€Å"her voice is full of money†. Daisy's voice has particular prominence as a motif throughout the book but at this point it is almost a leit motif as it gains meaning. All we can judge Daisy by is her voice, we never know her thoughts or what she is really thinking as what she says is usually quite empty. By saying that her voice is full of money, Gatsby is pinpointing that superficial charm which she has and perhaps even that in being entranced by her voice he has actually fallen for her wealth. This is an extremely critical way of looking at Gatsby's feelings and we probably don't want to believe it of him, but I think we can see it very clearly in Daisy, especially when she sees his Gatsby's house for the first time. In her exclamation of â€Å"that huge place there? † and her reaction to the extravagant wardrobe, we can see that Fitzgerald is showing Daisy as well as Gatsby to be very focussed on the material and the possessions. I think that this is a point Fitzgerald wants to make on the subject of ‘The American Dream', of which Gatsby's own dream is quite symbolic. As Americans, the characters would have been brought up to believe that they could strive to achieve anything and, in short, that nothing was out of their reach. Fitzgerald is not only questioning the belief in this, but also the means of getting to it and is making a point about how society has taken this dream to be something materialistic and to do with what you can own, rather than more spiritual or meaningful dreams. In respects to materialism I think that Fitzgerald is almost purely critical of Gatsby, as what he appears to be searching for is not just Daisy but the entire social and economical class which she represents. Another interesting way in which Fitzgerald portrays Gatsby's dreams is by making Daisy seem quite an unworthy person to long for. Although, as said in the previous paragraph, she is superficially very beautiful and rich, there appears to be very little under the surface and she tends to talk in quite empty and fantastical phrases such as â€Å"I'd like to just get one of those pink clouds and put you in it and push you around. † In that case Fitzgerald's alliteration of ‘pink', ‘put' and ‘push', as well as the polysyndeton, make her phrasing seem childish and simple – not really that of someone who could be relied on for a long lasting relationship. In some ways we may think that Fitzgerald is criticising Gatsby's dreams at this point, after all it seems worthless that he would have spent all this time loving someone who is in fact not worth it at all. This is incredibly clear to us after we see Daisy's awful behaviour after the accident when she drives away without stopping, and in a way we can see her treatment of Gatsby as quite similar to this, driving along with him, leaving destruction in her wake and escaping away as fast as she can. In this way Fitzgerald is being very critical and it could seem as if his message is that no matter how much you love someone and dream about them, they could just as easily let you down and run away. I think that there is also a slight positive side to Fitzgerald's choice of making Daisy an unworthy dream, as it shows that everybody can be loved by someone, however this is not very strong as Gatsby does not love Daisy with her faults, and rather it seems that he is just immune to seeing her flaws. Fitzgerald in fact, is probably somewhere in between these views; he is not directly attacking dreams or even Gatsby's dreams, but he is more in this case attacking Daisy's character. Although it may be a large lack of judgement skills on Gatsby's side, we cannot blame him entirely and again we still feel sorry for him when Daisy does eventually let him down. Overall I think that it is clear that there is a strong sense of ambiguity when it comes to Fitzgerald's attitude to Gatsby's dreams. However, I feel that the main point he wishes to make is that there is nothing wrong with dreaming, you just have to be careful when choosing your dreams that what you are longing for is actually worthwhile and won't end up hurting you more than it can make you happy. In Gatsby's case his aim appears to be more to make us feel sorry that he was so misguided in his choice of dream, rather than to berate him for dreaming at all.

Professional Roles and Values Essay

Nursing is a profession that constantly evolves to improve itself. There is a high demand for nurses all across America. Excellent nursing practice is achieved by understanding the history of nursing and integrating the milestones achieved with the present practice. Through advanced education and new technology the nurse can provide the patient with the best care and promote community health. Knowledge gives us power to change and advance in healthcare. My mission is to demonstrate excellence in clinical care by my commitment to evidence-based practice research, continuing education, and by delivering culturally competent patient care in a caring and healing environment in accordance with the nurse practice act. PART A The Board of Nursing (BON) is a regulatory agency that functions to protect the public as well as govern the safe practice of nurses. Every state has a board of nursing that mandates the nurse practice act be properly carried out. Nurse practice acts define the scope of nursing, how to obtain licensure, how to lose licensure, and the consequences of practicing without a license. The makeup of the nursing board and its responsibilities come from the nurse practice acts also. The BON is responsible for reviewing the nurse practice act to ensure that minimum standards of practice are defined. The BON also approves nursing education programs, evaluates applicants, issues licensure, and disciplines those who violate the law (Pearson Education, 2010). To obtain a nursing license in South Carolina I am required by the BON to have demonstrated competency in performing regulated activities that are complex, require skill, and independent decision -making. This is determined by showing verification of graduating from an approved Registered Nurse education program, passing the national licensing test, and passing a criminal background check. In order  to renew my license biennially I must go through the BON and show verification of competency and the number of hours practiced as evidenced by my employer certification on a form approved by the Board. If I fail to comply the renewal requirements the BON may deny my application for renewal. Also, abiding by the nurse practice act and refraining from unethical decisions such as; using drug and alcohol at work, diverting narcotics, and abusing patients I am able to remain in good standing with the BON and abstain from any disciplinary action from the BON. The American Nurses Association (ANA) is a Professional Nursing Organization that provides nurses a variety of resources to support their careers. The ANA offers leadership positions within the organizations and workshops for continuing education as well as employment resources. Conferences are held within the organization to network and congregate about healthcare reform. Although the ANA does not offer any legal authority to grant licensure or enforce practice policy, it carries the voice of the nurse and the public to the regulatory agency to evoke change (ANA, 2013). I currently am not a member of the ANA, but I plan to join. Being as though I am a nurse that works in the emergency department I feel the need to voice concerns I have in dealing with patient care and staffing issues. I also would like to have a voice in addressing safe nurse to patient ratios in the emergency department. The ANA can help with these issues I face by helping to promote the interests of nurses to state and federal legislative bodies like the BON. I feel this organization can help me obtain the education I need in directing me to online courses offering continuing education credits and assist me in special credentialing such as obtaining a Certified Emergency Nurse certificate. PART B Nursing ethics are a set of standards concerning the actions of the nurse in his or her relationship with patients, patients’ family members, other healthcare providers, policymakers, and society as a whole (Cherry & Jacob, 2011). One provision from the code of ethics that influences my practice is â€Å"The nurse participates in the advancement of the profession through contributions to practice, education, administration, and knowledge development (ANA, 2013). Although patient care is of the utmost importance nursing can’t be practiced without the appropriate knowledge required.  Evidence-based practiced research is such an important component to nursing. Without the continuous studies of such research progress would not be made in healthcare advancements. As a nurse that has worked in the emergency department I have engaged in educational opportunities offered by the emergency department has helped with quality improvement initiatives and increased patient satisfaction scores. A second provision that has influenced my practice in nursing is listed as â€Å"The nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, or community (ANA, 2013). â€Å" Many times in the emergency department families and friends are surrounding their loved one. It is the nurse’s primary duty to advocate for the patient. Many times families have other ideas of healthcare that the patient is not interested in. This is where communication and education is imperative between all involved. Also, if the patient refuses any type of care education is the best answer and then acceptance if the refusal is ongoing. Honoring the patient’s wishes as long as patient safety is not an issue must be upheld in the nursing pr ofession. PART C The ANA Code of Ethics consists of several traits that should be the underlying basis from all professional nursing practices. As a nurse one must interact with a multidisciplinary team to reach optimal results for a patient’s outcome. One of the trait’s that is important is mutual respect. In an Emergency Department I work with several entities all of which have the patient’s best interest at heart. Collaborating, listening, supporting, and implementing goals are all part of having mutual respect for the team members as well as the patient and patient’s family. Another trait that is important is confidentiality. Privacy is an essential code of ethics. Discussing pertinent issues about a patient is restricted to those directly involved in patient care. Many times individuals try to call the emergency department and get updates on patients. I follow the laws in my setting regarding this issue. A third trait would be having respect for human dignity. This is important in the emergency department when patients are too sick to move. Many times patients soil themselves and feel embarrassed. We as nurses must acknowledged their feelings in a therapeutic way. We must maintain professional and never judge the patient in these instances.  A fourth trait I possess would be accountability. I take full responsibility to abide by the nurse practice act in my state. I follow the requirement for licensure renewal and take continuing education classes pertinent to my work area. I also am accountable for the nursing care of patients and to practice using the standards of care in my hospital. If I make a mistake I am held accountable for my actions and report any incidents to the appropriate personnel. PART D Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring plays a significant part in promotion of a patient’s health. This theory suggests that there are carative factors that are the core to nursing. It is a holistic outlook that addresses the impact and importance of altruism, sensitivity, trust, and interpersonal skills (Cherry & Jacob, 2011). Caring is a key element of the patient’s outcome. Possessing a caring heart sets the bar high in healthcare. â€Å"The transpersonal process of caring, or caring among, nurse, environment, and client, is essential to healing† and the nurse is the tool that â€Å"implements these carative factors, that facilitates, and promotes† the restoration of the patient health (Cherry & Jacob, 2011).† PART D1 Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring fits in my professional practice daily. This model helps to establish a trusting rapport between you and the patient. When dealing with patients on an everyday basis the nurse is the one who interacts with the patient the most and sets the tone for the relationship. Compassion and human touch are necessary for positive patient outcomes. Following this module reminds me and helps me to improve my delivery of care by allowing patients to communicate feelings while I actively listen to their needs. When I enter a patient’s room I survey the scene or take a holistic approach. I want to let this patient know I care about all of their needs and not just the medical concerns. The theory states â€Å"interconnectedness of one human touching or caring for another is a carative factor which promotes restoration of health and equilibrium† (Cherry & Jacob, 2011). After I introduce myself to the patient I immediately ask them how they are feeling or if there is anything that they are concerned about. I feel this gives the patient the opportunity to discuss concerns and allows time for therapeutic communication establishing  a trusting nurse to patient environment. Watson’s carative factors help with caring or maintaining health even when a patient is terminal. I instill this theory through offering chaplin services to patients or assistance finding mental support for those that are terminal. I come in contact with many different cultures in the emergency department and it is important to recognize the need for teaching and making it conducive for the patients to learn about their medication or disease process. Using a language lines shows the patient that you care about their health and education. PART E Florence Nightingale was inspirational and changed the face of nursing across the world from a career many looked down upon to a highly skilled and respected medical profession by implementing standards in healthcare and training others for the occupation. After witnessing the unsanitary conditions during the Crimean War she obtained hundreds of scrub brushes and asked nurses and the least sick patients to scrub the inside of the hospital from floor the ceiling (The Biography Company, 2014). Her compassionate, dedicated, and skilled work helped her to reduce the hospitals death rate by two-thirds from implementing â€Å"The Environmental Theory† into her practice (The Biography Company, 2014). Florence was a nurse that was able to look outside the box and critical think to find solutions to better healthcare. After learning of her great achievements the one I use most in my healthcare setting is following sanitary measures. The spread of bacteria is very prevalent among the emergency department and by adhering to hand hygiene principles and other core measures to keep from the spread of disease I feel her testimony sets the stage for mostly all healthcare employees. Also, through her courage and compassion for humanity she helped to mold my nursing practice into one of diligence. PART F Respect for autonomy comes to mind when I think of a case scenario. Upon triaging a patient with their significant other in the room I came across the medical history section. This may cause concern for some patients being as though we must obtain a full medical history. I explained to the patient that I have personal questions to ask her and needed to know if she would like to be alone during this process. The patient stated she  would like her significant other to leave the room. When interviewing the patient they informed me that they did not want their history disclosed to the significant other or any of the results of testing that day. I appreciated this request and then informed the significant other that they must remain in the waiting room until testing was finished and that it would be up to the patient to notify them of updates. Beneficence is the principle of providing good to someone whereas non-maleficence addresses the risk of a procedure to cause harm to a patient (Cherry & Jacob, 2011). An example of beneficence I encountered was when an elderly patient was scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization performed. While performing the pre-op measures for this patient it was observed that this patient had an area of breakdown on his skin and an elevated temperature. I immediately called the cardiologist and informed him of the findings. He came to talk to the patient and decided to reschedule the procedure for another day when he was afebrile. Without reporting the finding to the doctor the patient could have introduced infection into the bloodstream and could have became septic with critical results. REFERENCES ANA Nursing World. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.nursingworld.org Cherry, B., & Jacob, S. (2011). Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends and Management, (5th edition). St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier. Florence Nightingale. (2014). The Biography.com website. Retrieved from http://www.biography.com/people/florence-nightingale-9423539 Pearson Education. (2010). Retrieved May 8, 2015 from http://wps.prenhall.com/chet_sullivan_effective_6/21/5493/1406300.cw/content/index.html

Questions on Mutiple Topics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Questions on Mutiple Topics - Essay Example Portfolio matrices have become popular tools due to the various advantages that companies derive from them. First, portfolio matrices are very flexible as they can be applied to products, brands, and strategic business units. It should be noted that the use of portfolio analysis is not limited to products or brands only. Portfolio matrices can be used to ascertain the competitiveness and strengths of brands, product lines, and profit centers. Portfolio matrices are often used as cash management tools as they provide managers an easy and graphical way to assess how much cash the business will be using or generating in putting its products or services in the market. It also tells managers which products or units to invest in according to their attractiveness and competitiveness. The use of portfolio analysis is essentially to help managers focus on their core and profitable businesses. Portfolio matrices are also commonly used among business organizations because of their relative simplicity. The core ideas behind each portfolio matrix can be easily grasped and understood by any manager. Therefore, portfolio matrices are often easier to understand than other business tools. However, the use of portfolio matrices in crafting business strategies also presents some drawbacks. For one, portfolio matrices are often seen as having a â€Å"too simplistic† view of the world that it overlooked other important qualitative factors. For example, the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix considers the relationship between market attractiveness and market growth. It should be noted however, that high growth markets are not necessarily attractive and low growth markets are not necessarily unattractive (Growth-Share Matrix, 2006). Another pitfall of portfolio matrices is that it does not consider the interaction of business units or the entities being considered. It should be noted that in portfolio matrix analyses, products are considered in isolation

Desire to have Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Desire to have Children - Essay Example Finally, they decided to attempt in vitro fertilization. Mary Sue supplied nine eggs for the procedure, and her husband supplied sperm, which medical experts used to fertilize all the nine eggs in a laboratory. The medical personnel implanted two eggs in Mary Sue’s womb, but pregnancy did not result. The medical personnel froze the remaining seven fertilized eggs in order to preserve them for future use. Sometime later, the couple divorced, but they disagreed on who between them should claim the fertilized eggs and to what use they should be put. Mar Sue claimed ownership of the fertilized eggs and expressed the desire to have them implanted in her body. Junior opposed Mary Sue’s claim of ownership and intention to implant the eggs. Instead, he wanted them destroyed. Mary Sue filed a law suit in court regarding the case. The judge ruled in her favor and granted her temporary custody of the fertilized eggs, so as to avail Mary Sue the chance to achieve a normal pregnancy by having medical experts implant the eggs in her womb. The rationale of this decision was that human life begins at conception and, therefore, the fertilized eggs were persons who have the right to the provision of suitable conditions and support that would allow them to develop into normal human beings. The judge added that the final custody of the child, child support, and visitation would be decided by the same court if one of the eggs results in birth. II. Ethical Question to be Answered Was Judge W. Dale Young morally justified in regarding the fertilized eggs as persons that have a right to life and not as property? III. Proposed Answers to Ethical Question Judge Young’s decision was not morally justified because the frozen fertilized eggs were not naturally conceived and, therefore, this argument does not parallel the ones put forward by opponents of abortion. It is appropriate to regard the fertilized eggs as property because medical experts created them artificiall y and, therefore, are the creation of human beings. In addition, the fertilized eggs do not have a societal, moral responsibility and; thus, they cannot be regarded as persons. A person has a moral role to play in society, the fertilized eggs do not. IV. Objections to Proposed Answers and Responses to the Objections Objection (1): The conceptus is a living human being because the continuous process of growth and development of human beings begins at conception. Therefore, the frozen fertilized eggs should be regarded as conceptus since they came into existence as a result of conception. Whether conception takes place in a woman’s body or scientists induce it artificially in the laboratory, fact is it leads to the creation of a human life form, the zygote. Response (1): The conceptus does not have any of the functions of a human being and, therefore, cannot be bestowed with the same status as a human being living in the real world. Fertilized eggs are just a mass of cells whic h scientists or medical experts keep alive through artificial means, without whose assistance they will surely die. A zygote that medical experts create and preserve through an artificially regulated process is not a real form of human life. This is because it is not supported or sustained in any way by the life processes that manifest themselves through nature. The same way that a graft of skin cells obtained from a person represents a living part of that person, it cannot be regarded as a person because they lack any of the moral functions associated with a person. Objection (2): God imparts a soul onto human beings at conception and not at birth since birth is just a transition from the womb into the world. The life of the baby did not begin at birth, but it was alive from the moment of conception. Since every human

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Discussion Questions - Essay Example I prefer change, I enjoy delegating tasks to others, and I want to be noticed for my achievements. I am also the type of person who likes to be in charge. I tend to look forward to confronting conflict instead of shying away from it. I consider myself to be a proactive person, with a proactive personality. â€Å"Proactives [with proactive personalities] identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs. Proactives are more likely to be seen as leaders and to be change agents. They†¦[definitely can] achieve career success, but it’s important for them to be in the right situations to fit their personality.†1 As a proactive person, I seek to be the first to engage in an issue and take it head-on. Instead of waiting to figure out what is going to happen, I make sure that I make things happen. I change and influence what happens around me by being involved. In all situations, I try to stay proactive and interested as a pa rticipant in my surroundings. It’s evocative of a dominant person’s personality traits; I am no different. 2) How do ethics influence human behavior in organizations? (250 words) Ethics influence human behavior because humans’ actions are inevitable affected by dogma and rules. If there were no rules or ethical standards, people would do whatever they wanted. However, ethics give order to the chaos.

Strategy choice and change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Strategy choice and change - Essay Example Changing the approach to organisational operations is therefore expected to have a direct impact on the organisational culture. In this paper therefore, the change contexts at TED are analysed in relation to the culture of the organisation. As the change has already taken place, the appropriateness of the change process in relation to known change models will also be analysed. Three major models are used in doing this, including Kaleidoscope model, Johnson cultural web, and Kotter’s 8-step change model. Based on the Kaleidoscope model given about, there are some aspects of change context that can be identified as enablers. These include power, readiness, preservation and capacity. The reason these are said to be enablers is because they have the potential of fostering the change process that was intended to happen. For example in terms of power, the fact that power was vested in the CEO to carry out desirable changes whilst maintaining organisational processes meant that issues of resistance to change was going to be minimal (Balogun & Hailey, 2009). Again, as noted by Christensen and LÃ ¦rgreid (2002) readiness to change on the part of employees is a major determinant of success with change. Meanwhile, given the background to TED’s performance, before the coming of the new CEO, all employees appreciated the need for there to be change, which informed their readiness. In terms of preservation, even though the factors identified were downgrading, their mere existence gave th e justification for why there needed to be change and so are considered as enablers. This is because Carnall (2013) argued that whenever negative contexts are identified, they serve as catalysts for speeding up the change process because no leader wants to continue working with such negative contexts in place. Lastly, the capacity at both individual and organisational levels

Images of globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Images of globalization - Essay Example Another example in which consumer goods have been boycotted due to cultural beliefs is McDonald’s. In Malaysia, many Muslim consumers have been calling for Malaysian citizens to boycott the restaurant due to a recent promotion intended to celebrate the Chinese New Year. One of the toys included in the promotional package was a pig, designed to offer support for the twelve different animals of the Chinese zodiac. However, in Muslim society, the pig is considered to be an abhorrence and consumption of pig meat is strictly forbidden. Muslims believed that McDonald’s was being insensitive to the customs and religious beliefs of devoted followers of the Muslim faith, even though the restaurant was not actually attempting to create any conflict with this religious group. Muslims were so outraged that McDonald’s illustrated a pig in a positive light that Muslim boycotters actually started a social media campaign in an effort to gain international support for shunning al l products being offered by the organization. This is yet another example of the images of

Discuss the role of vitamin K, vitamin D and calcium on bone health Essay

Discuss the role of vitamin K, vitamin D and calcium on bone health across the lifespan and review the evidence that supplementation with vitamin D and calcium - Essay Example In this manner the strength and vitality of the bones are maintained. However, this process varies in significant manner during advanced age, which may have a negative impact on the strength of the bone and its ability to satisfactorily perform its essential functions. With the increase in life spans being experienced around the world and particularly in the developed world maintaining healthy bones has become more important, so that the elderly segments of population can continue their active phase of life, without risks of damage of fractures to bones impeding the quality of their lives. This has led to increasing interest in the interaction between nutrition and bone growth and development and the nutrients that are significant in prevention of deficiencies, with particular emphasis on optimising peak bone mass and making the risk for osteoporosis minimal (Prentice, et al, 2006). Bones are made up of hard living tissue, which are in the form of hard matrix consisting of calcium salts deposited around protein fibres. The protein fibres are made up of collagen and provide the bones with their strength and elasticity, while it is the mineral deposits that make the bones rigid. Bones may be divided into the outer bone and the inner bone. The outer bone layer is called the periostem and it makes up eighty percent of the mass of a bone and provides rigidity to the bone. The trabecular bone is the inner bone, the structure of which looks like a honeycomb, due to the spongy mesh-like bone that it consists of to provide strength to the bone. It makes up twenty percent of the mass of the bone. Within the cavity of the bone, bone marrow is found, which is responsible for the production of red blood cells. Bones are in different shape and length based on the functions that they perform in the skeletal system. osteoclasts and

Old Testament Literary Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Old Testament Literary Analysis - Research Paper Example As the symbol of the Israelite’s enemies, Goliath is represented as being the taunt of the Israelites; Goliath also is against the God of the Israelites and he actually cursed David by his gods. Goliath believed that physical strength is all what matters and he was sure of killing David and giving his flesh to the birds of the air and the beasts of the world. On the other hand, David is presented in this narrative as a symbol of faith, trust, and loyalty to the living God of the Israelites. And through this faithfulness, David managed to defeat Goliath, the enemy of the Israelites. The main insight that I gain from this narrative is that, David’s God, Yahweh, is indeed the true God and that Yahweh protects and saves His people. This is because, through his faith in Yahweh, David managed to kill Goliath, who was far stronger to David physically in every respect. The defeat of Goliath, the symbol of the Philistines, is a proof that yeah is the true God. The second major literary feature used in this narrative is metaphor. In this narrative, Goliath asks David while taunting him, â€Å"Am I a dog, that you come to me with sticks†1. In this question, dog is used as a metaphor of a weak and helpless person who can easily be beaten to submission by his enemy. This metaphor helps to bring out clearly how David’s weapons were so inferior to the weapons of Goliath. Through this metaphor I learn that it is possible to overcome any manner of challenge in life, as long as we rely on Yahweh, the God of David. David overcame the great challenge ahead of him through very simple weapons because he had faith in Yahweh. One of the main interpretative problem in this narrative is in reconciling 1Samuel 17: 55-58, with 1 Samuel 16:21-22. In 1Samuel 17: 55-58, King Saul did not know the identity of David, and he actually asked Abner, the commander of the Israelites army, whom the father of David was. The main

Sams Surprise Essay Example for Free

Sams Surprise Essay Weve done it! shouted Janice, as she danced around the room. We can now do anything we want! Her husband, Sam, just stared at her, half asleep on the sofa. He had been down at the White Horse all afternoon, watching the horseracing with his mates. He had come home a bit worse for wear and was now thinking his wife of twenty-eight years had suddenly gone round the bend.  It was nine oclock on a Saturday evening. Janice called her husband into the dining room for his dinner. Slowly, Sam got up and staggered in, to be met with the overwhelming scent of burning candles and incense sticks all around the tiny room. It was a beautiful aroma but very sickening at the same time. On the table was his favourite meal, medium rare steak and oven chips with lots of mushrooms and pepper sauce; the smell wafted through the air mingling with the scent of the candles. In the middle of the table was a very large bottle of champagne. Only two place settings were on the table, with new champagne glasses. The way Sam was feeling, it was the last thing he wanted to drink!  Why had his wife gone to all this trouble? Had she a big win on the horses? Unlikely, she always said that only fools gamble on the horses, that it was a mugs game to throw away all that hard-earned money on a silly old nag. If Sam had asked his wife what she was up to, she would tease him all night trying to get him to guess what it was. He knew her too well, and he was not in the mood for guessing tonight. His hangover was starting to set in. His tongue was feeling strange; it was as if a hamster had left its fur on it! Someone had got into his head and was thumping a drum, very badly. Sam decided to play along with her, after all shell tell him soon enough, because she could never keep a secret for long, it would be eating her up in no time at all. Then it suddenly hit him, the day, the time; it could only be one thing! Her only vice was the National Lottery if youre not in, you dont win was her motto. Maybe now it had paid off! She did say We could do anything we want. That must be it!  All of a sudden, Sams hangover was cured, he decided he did feel like drinking some champagne and even the candles and incense sticks were not as nauseating as first suspected. Janice appeared at the doorway looking very sexy in a beautiful black negligee, her hair had been tied back, with only a few strands dangling around her face. She was wearing a lot of make-up. Janice never wore make-up, she said it made women look tarty and out for a good time! She was always telling our two daughters, Kellie and Katie not to wear too much makeup when they were going out, as men would get the wrong impression. She had been quite a strict mother. No short skirts or low cut tops were allowed to be worn by her daughters!  The girls were twenty-two and twenty-four years of age now, living their own lives in the next town with their partners. Their son, Daniel, who was twenty, was the only one still living at home. It had been very quiet in the house; all evening, no loud music could be heard coming from Daniels room. Which was unusual. He loved his Eminem music to be played so loud that the whole street could enjoy it! Thump, thump, thump, was all that could be heard when coming round the corner at the end of the street, however the neighbours very rarely complained about it. Maybe he had gone out for a change but he never went out, his girlfriend, Jayne, always came here. This was all very strange.  Sams thoughts drifted back to his wife standing in the doorway. The last time he saw her looking like this was on their honeymoon. It brought back wonderful and distant memories of the Isle of Man, where they had spent two glorious weeks, hardly stepping outside their hotel room! Janice strolled over to her husband, cupped his face gently with her hands and kissed him lovingly on the lips, and whispered, I love you. Sam was completely taken aback; it was all so out of character for his wife to behave like this. Thoughts started running through his mind. Had she something to tell him? Was she having an affair? Poor Sam was totally bemused as to what was going on in his wifes head.  Sam ignored all of these thoughts; his wife would never have an affair. She took her wedding vows very seriously, every one of them! He started thinking again of the most likely reason for her behaviour, the Lottery! He started to eat his dinner, thinking of all the things they could do with the money a foreign holiday, new house, new car, the list was endless. He was getting very excited, he was dreaming about lying on a yacht in the middle of the Mediterranean, drinking champagne, when suddenly Janice proposed a toast Heres to us being able to enjoy life and to do exactly as we please, when we please, now that Daniel has finally left home!  Suddenly Sam felt very ill. Although the meal looked delicious, it didnt taste as nice as he first thought and he certainly did not enjoy it as much as he thought he would, considering his dreams had come crashing down around him!

Genetic Variations of Inheritance

Genetic Variations of Inheritance Star Daganskaia-Knighton Genetics TAQ1: What are genes and chromosomes and what do they do? A gene is a unit of DNA needed to make a protein, they range between hundreds and millions of base pairs. These pairs control development and switch on and off depending on environmental factors, an example is a gene switching on when an immune cell meets a bacterium to produce antibodies to destroy it. DNA is what we are, each person has their own set of DNA which makes up their characteristics, except for identical twins who share the same DNA. The human genome is composed of approximately 3 billion bases of DNA. DNA is formed into structures called chromosomes, each cell containing 23 pairs of chromosomes one set from each parent. The double helix coils around histone proteins, they wind together and lock into densely coiled chromatin. Each single gene encodes a protein and each of those proteins results in a distinct or inherited trait e.g. attached (dominant) or free hanging earlobes (recessive). Allele are a similar gene for eye colour, these are also recessive or dominant. Th e dominant gene is an allele for brown eyes so to inherit one or two alleles for brown eyes means you will have brown eyes whereas an allele for blue eyes is recessive so a person must inherit two copies of allele for blue eyes to have blue eyes. TAQ2: Discuss the work of the Austrian Monk Gregor Mendel 1. Mendel was a Monk with a love for science, he discovered the laws of inheritance by working with pea plants. His work on pea plants went over eight years, with this he deducted that genes come in pairs and and are then inherited – one pair from each parent. He monitored the look of the offspring from each pea plant and tracked which genes were dominant or recessive (he could track this by the look of the leaves, seeds, taste). Unfortunately his results were not understood or appreciated until 1900. Mendel had three rules of law: Law of segregation – two copies of each heredity factors segregate during the production of gametes so that one factor from each parent can be acquired by the offspring. Law of independent assortment – this is the law of chance, it is by chance which characteristics in particular will occur in the individual offspring. Law of dominance and recessiveness – one factor in the pair of traits will dominate the gene and become inherited unless both genes are recessive. 2. Punnett diagram of the recessive homozygous (non-toungue rolling father) and dominant heterozygous (tongue rolling mother). If they were to have four children then two of them would be able to roll their tongues and two would not, with their genetics  ½ or 50% of their children would be able to roll their tongues. This is the genotype – the organisms genetic make up which is a combination of alleles. The phenotype is the physical characteristic you can see e.g. eye colour, earlobes, hair type (curly straight etc.) and tongue rolling. Mother> Father/ T t t Tt tt t Tt tt 3. Phenylthiocarbamate (PTC) is a chemical that some people find incredibly bitter to taste and others cant taste at all. There is a difference in taste thresh hold between different populations and ages, the ability to taste the chemical comes from the dominant gene. Below is a Punnett diagram showing that if both parents are hetrozygous then there is  ¼ or 25% chance of having a child who can taste PTC. This means if they had 4 children, three of them may not be able to taste PTC. Mendalian law explains monohybrid is inheritance of one through two generations. Mother > Father / F f F FF Ff f fF ff 4. Mother > Father / TF Tf tF tf Tf TTFf TTff TtFf Ttff This Punnett diagram shows that if the mother is a homozgous tongue roller and a non PTC taster marries a man who is a heterozygous tongue roller and is heterozygous PTC taster and then goes on to have 16 children; all of the children will be tongue rollers as it is the dominant gene show in the punnett diagram as a T. 8 of those 16 children (50%) will be PTC tasters as the dominant gene (F) is carried on to half of their children. Mendalian law explains dihybrid as inheritance two through two generations. 5. Mother> Father / TF Tf tF tf TF TTFF TTFf TtFF TtFf Tf TTFf TTff TtFf Ttff tF TtFF TtFf TtFF ttFf tf TtFf Ttff ttFf ttff This shows the dehybrid cross and the independent segregation of traits, proving Mendels second law. This is also known as Phenotype distribution. This punnett diagram explains that if a mother and father who are both heterozygous tongue rollers and PTC tasters have 16 children they will come out as a 9:3:3:1 ratio of traits. 9 children will be TTFF dominant, 3 children will be Tff, 3 children will be ttF and 1 child will be a double recessive ttff meaning they are unable to taste PTC and are unable to roll their tongues. TAQ3: 1. Explain genetic linkage and why it is important in the transmission of genetic characteristics. Genetic linkage was discovered when Thomas Hunt Morgan did experiments of fruit flies and notices a difference in eye colour dependant on the sex of the fruit fly. Genetic linkage is the process in which if two genes are close to each other on a chromosome they are frequently inherited together during meiosis. In many cases two alleles inherited from one parent tend to stay together and is the same for the other parent; this is called linkage. Two alleles make up an autosome, so two associated genes on a chromosome would be hair and eye colour. These two genes are close to each other on the genetic strand (locus) so are unlikely to cross over and mix, the most likely outcome is that one parent will have the dominant gene and give child X brown eyes and blond hair instead of red hair (recessive gene) and blue eyes (recessive). This does now contradict Mendels law of independent assortment and begs the question how did Mendel not encounter linkage?. 2. Explain how sex or gender is determined. Autosomes are the first 22 chromosomes that decide everything but your gender, the 23rd chromosome pair will either decide you to be female (XX) or male (XY). The mother will always pass on the X chromosome and the father will either pass on a X chromosome in the sperm creating a female baby or will pass on a Y chromosome creating a male baby. Mother / Father > X Y X XX XX X XY XY The Punnett diagram above shows that there is a 50% chance that the couple will have a boy or a girl, this is the same theory as to when you flip a coin over and over again you will eventually have even results. Of course some families will have more boys than girls or more girls than boys but when the numbers are counted world wide the male:female ratio is fairly even. Explain the crossing over of chromosomes and the role it plays in transmission of genetic characteristics. Chromosomal crossover is the process of two chromosomes that have paired up during prophase 1 of meiosis exchange DNA. This happens when two homologous chromosomes break and reconnect at the same place and reconnecting with the other chromosome, if they break at the same base pair they exchange alleles; this is called genetic recombination. If too few chromosomal crossovers are formed gametes end up with the wrong number of chromosomes, this can cause infertility, pregnancy miscarriage and chromosomal disease (Downs Syndrome). Shuffling the DNA is the best thing for the next generation as it accounts for genetic variation so the offspring will have a different set of alleles and genes to their parents. Chromosomal crossover means that people will look different to each other (apart form identical twins), diseases can be eradicated, evolution, being able to adapt and natural selection. Hemophilia is a blood clotting disease that is inherited, this means that if the carrier of the dise ase has a child then their child may inherit the gene. Hemophilia usually occurs in males but there are the rare exceptions. A Punnett diagram below shows how the disease can be inherited. Females are carriers with rare exceptions of getting the disease. Males are effected from mildly to severely. The red chromosome is the one effected, spreading. Mother> Father / X X X XX XX Y XY XY TAQ 4: Using examples, explain the difference between continuous and discontinuous variations. Depending on the features of an organism they will show continuous and discontinuous variation. A continuous variation is something that can change gradually over a period of time such as height, weight and foot length. These goes from one extreme to the other, if you plotted the height of new born babies the variation could be from 30cm to 55cm depending a variation of factors from genes, environmental factors during gestation and whether or not they were born premature or full-term. Continuous variation is the combined effect of many genes know as polygenic inheritance, this is also effected by the environment. Discontinuous variation isnt effected much by environmental factors, it is when a person is or isnt part of a group, there is no in-between. They are either one blood type of the other, they are either male of female, they have either blue, green or brown eyes. Of course some people are born with indeterminate sex and others have have heterochromia (different eye colours, often inherited from parent or from injury to the eye). TAQ 5: Define the term mutation and explain how it is caused. The body constantly needs new cells; a mutation occurs when stands of DNA are separated and replicated, each strand becomes a double strand, eventually a mistake occurs during the copying process (1 in 100,000,000). When damage does occur the bodies cells will repair the damage, however if DNA breaks the body is more likely to make mistakes trying to fix the problem , these mistakes can shorten lifespan. Environmental mutations are caused by chemicals, radiation and ultraviolet light, they are all enemies of DNA. They attack and damage by swapping parts of the DNA which becomes a problem when they start to replicate meaning more harmful DNA is replicating with chemicals that dont behave. Describe de novo mutations and provide one example. A de novo mutation is a new mutation of a cell. Gene mutations are either inherited or acquired during a lifetime. Mutations passed from parent to child are hereditary or germline mutations as they are in the sperm or egg, this mutation will be in in every cell in the persons body and lasting a lifetime. De novo mutations that occur after fertilization explain genetic disorders which effect the child’s every cell but has no family history of the disorder. Somatic (acquired) mutations in DNA that occur in individual cell some point in a persons life are environmentally caused by radiation, chemical or by mistakes being made during cell division. Acquired mutations cannot be passed on to the next generation. De novo mutations can cause Autism when there is no parental link to the disorder. Schizophrenia has been linked to de novo mutation in the paternal germ line from older fathers. Hemophilia is also an inherited disease but a third of cases are caused by gene mutation, this i s when the blood doesnt clot and lowers the blood clotting factor levels for coagulation meaning someone will bleed for longer. Describe mosaicism and provide one example. Mosaicism happened when the egg (zygote) starts to divide after fertilization, new cells form and duplicate so there are enough chromosomes. Errors occur and a cell ends up with a different number of chromosomes, every time that cell duplicates it will have a different chromosomal number. Having more than one type of chromosomal make-up is called mosaiciam, this means that an extra cell will have trisomy 21 (chromosome 21 dictates Downs Syndrome), others will have the right amount of chromosomes. Mosaic Downs Syndrome is detected either during pregnancy or after birth via a karyotype test (a photograph of the chromosomes from one cell – using skin, blood, bone marrow or amniotic fluid), chromosomes in 20 cells are counted and if two or more are normal (without the chromosome 21) the baby is said to have mosaic downs syndrome. Describe polymorphism and provide one example Polymorphism is a word that come from the Greek language meaning Many (poly) Form (Morph). Polymorphism is discontinuous genetic variations where two or more forms exist in the same species of a population such as blood type (A, B, AB, O) and sexual dismorphism (male or female), height cannot be a polymorphism as this is a continuous variation. Polymorphism is seen in every species (dogs: there are hundreds of breeds of dog that look completely different but they are still the same species) and counts towards natural selection e.g. some may be able to reproduce to a higher degree than others. TAQ 6: Protein synthesis and the two main stages explained. Protein synthesis is formed of two steps that use protein (amino acid). For every three base pairs of DNA codes there is one amino acid , in total the body makes 20 different amino acids, other come from the diet. This process rewrites base sections of DNA and creates proteins, it all takes place on the ribosome in the cytoplasm or the the rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. The two main stages of protein synthesis are Transcription and Translation. Transcription starts by the DNA double helix unwinding, this shows the single stranded DNA. One of these side of the DNA will act as a template for the formation of mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid). In this process the matching RNA nucleotides base pairs join to form a strand of mRNA, mRNA detaches from the DNA to move out of the nucleus through openings called nucleus pores and into the cytoplasm. Translation starts when the mRNA is drawn towards the ribosome which has two parts; a small and large subunit used as different binding sites. mRNA binds to the small ribosome subunit which instructs a strand of tRNA (transfer RNA) to find a place (specific codon sequence) to to bind the mRNA, they attach together holding the amino acid. The larger subunit come to complete the structure, ribosome surrounding the strands of RNA and have another strand of tRNA carrying amino acid different to the first. Again they bind in the specific codon sequence. These to amino acids bind with help from cellular energy and the ribosome to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process is repeated, the codons and anti-codons match up to form base pairs which then create a 3D shape meaning the protein (polypeptide) is complete. Reference List Genes (27/08/14) [Online] http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/21c/genes/genetic_diseasesrev1.shtml> (27/08/14) Cell division (27/08/14) [Online] http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_aqa_pre_2011/celldivision/celldivision1.shtml> (27/08/14) Gregor Mendel (27/08/14) [Online] http://www.dnalc.org/view/16151-Biography-1-Gregor-Mendel-1822-1884-.html> (27/08/14) Genetics (27/08/14) [Online] http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/biology/genetics_adaptation/dihybrid_cross/revision/1/> (27/08/14) Hemophilia (28/08/14) [Online] http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hemophilia/> (28/08/14) Linkage (28/08/14) [Online] http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/linkage-51> (28/08/14) Crossover (28/08/14) [Online] http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/c/chromosomal_crossover.htm> (28/08/14) Variation (29/08/14) [Online] http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/organisms_behaviour_health/variation_classification/revision/3/> (29/08/14) Mutation (29/08/14) [Online] http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/genetic/dna-mutation.htm> (29/08/14) Mosaicism (29/08/14) [Online] http://www.theupsideofdowns.org/down-syndrome/what-is-mosaicism> (29/008/14) Polymorphism (01/09/14) [Online] http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Polymorphisms.html> (01/09/14) Protein synthesis (01/09/14) [Online] http://biology.about.com/od/cellularprocesses/ss/protein-synthesis-translation_2.htm> (01/09/14) BBC Protein Synthesis (01/09/14) [Online] http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/biology/cell_biology/rna/revision/2/> (01/09/14)

Genetic Engineering and Eugenics :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Genetic Engineering and Eugenics      The idea of genetic engineering has been a very heated topic of discussion lately. The possibilities of this topic range from cloning to gene therapy and eugenics. The most recent type, eugenics through gene therapy has created a lot of controversy. Eugenics is the study of how to improve human genetic heritage. This basically is the engineering of babies. The thought of these new designer babies raises many new questions. What are the consequences of these advances? Is it right to design an embryo in a certain way to make it into what the parents want it to be? These are just a couple of the very important questions raised by this issue. As the debate to whether eugenics should be allowed   rages on, the technology comes closer to making this possibility into a reality.    The way in which this new technology will be used is by correcting genetic problems in embryos. Extensive DNA testing will soon be able to show awaiting parents an accurate view of their embryoà ­s genes. This will allow any defects of the child to be seen. If the unborn child is perfectly healthy, no changes will be made. If a problem is spotted, the parents may turn to abortion or gene therapy. Gene therapy is the treatment of genetic diseases by introducing genetic material into the patientà ­s genes. This new process of having children where the parents decide what type of child they will have is called genetic counseling. This process will be able to not only identify health issues, but also personality traits. This is another topic that raises an interesting controversy. It allows a baby to be designed to the specific desires of the parent. The presents the question of: who is to say what another person should be like? Instead of a person's individuality being cre ated naturally it will be molded by science. Some might say that this amazing process would create some of the greatest humans that will lead mankind into the future. Others might say that genetic engineering would destroy what could be a great person by changing their personality, removing trying health situations that build character, or aborting a person before they are born.

Kate Chopins Unorthodox Awakening :: Chopin Awakening Essays

Kate Chopin's Unorthodox Awakening The Awakening, written by Kate Chopin, was a book that was truly ahead of its time. The author of the book was truly a genius in her right, but yet she was seen as a scoundrel. At the time, it was "a world that values only her performance as a mother, whose highest expectations for women are self sacrifice and self-effacement." ( ? ) The people of that era were not ready to admit or accept the simple but hidden feelings of intimacy or sexuality and the true nature of womanhood. Kate Chopin's book portrayed a woman of that time in a quite unorthodox way. In fact, [ When she wrote the book in 1899, she ] "achieved what was to prove her literary masterpiece and her ultimate break with popular taste" ( Cully, Intro. ) That book was written in 1899. During this era women were seen as very proper and sophisticated individuals who were considered caretakers of the home. They wore an excessive amount of clothing and never exposed themselves in public or otherwise. If a woman was caught exposing herself in public, would be shunned and looked down upon. Loyalty and commitment to the family was very important during this time. Regardless of their family problems, they were expected to endure and stay faithful. [ In fact, ] " the nineteenth century's message of the supremacy of motherhood was so strong and so intense that it was absorbed into the systems of it's women - even women like Edna [ ,a character in Chopin's book, ] who were not maternally inclined." ( ? ) You could almost say that women were considered symbols of everything that is pure in the society in which they lived. Anything short of that was considered unacceptable. Because of the time that Chopin lived in: " The Appearance in print of her most recent work had brought her harsh criticism and condemnation, as well as ostracism from many of those who had always formed a close-knit world of St. Louis society" ( Cully , vii ). Her book was seen as a vile and disgusting piece of literature. One critic of that time stated : "One cannot refrain from regret that so beautiful a style and so much refinement of taste have been spent by Miss Chopin on an essentially vulgar story."( ? ). Most critics and readers of that era felt the same way as this critic did. People were not willing to put up with what they felt was a trashy novel.

Essay --

Hello everyone! I am thrilled to announce that I will once again be miniaturized along with my submarine and take you on another Fantastic Voyage inside the human body. In case you have forgotten the details of our last journey, my sub and I will be shrunken down to be 8 microns long. This time I will be swallowed by Fred, a 55 year old man, while he enjoys a hamburger, French fries, and root beer. As I pilot my way through his body, I will be describing the process of digestion and what major structures I see and come across. Can you imagine being part of someone’s meal? Neither can I, yet here I am being chewed and mixed with a juicy burger by Fred’s teeth. As Fred enjoys his meal, the first part of digestion is happening in his oral cavity. Fred’s burger is a mixture of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. As he chews and moves his food around with the help of his tongue, I can see his saliva coming from different angles and mixing with his food. There are three pairs of salivary glands, the parotids, submandibulars, and sublinguals. They secrete most (about 1L) of the saliva produced each day in an adult. (Thibodeau & Patton, 2008, pg397) Saliva contains mucus and a digestive enzyme called salivary amylase. As you can see here, the process of chewing combined with this mucus is allowing the food to break down into a small bolus. After this process I am now mixed up with the bolus and with the help of Fred’s tongue, I have began moving down into the pharynx and then down t o this muscular tube called the esophagus. The esophagus is a stretchy pipe, about 25 centimeters that carries food and liquids from the throat to the stomach for digestion after it has been chewed and chemically softened in the mouth. (InnerBody, 2013) ... ...nce: Thibodeau, G., Patton, K. (2008). Structure and Function of the Body (13th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier Publishing. InnerBody, Digestive System. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html KidsHealth (1995). Your Digestive System, On the way down. Retrieved from http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/digestive_system.html# Inner Body, Superior Mesenteric Artery. (1999). Retrieved from http://www.innerbody.com/image_dige08/card25.html Coffman, M. A. (n.d.). The Absorption of Food by the Human Body | Healthy Eating | SF Gate. Retrieved from http://healthyeating.sfgate.com/absorption-food-human-body-4100.html Oza, N., & Cooper, D. (2011, May 18). How Does the Human Body Maintain Homeostasis? How Chemicals and Organs Work Together to Keep the Body in Balance. Retrieved from http://www.brighthub.com/science/medical/articles/111342.aspx

How Would you physicalise a charcter from a play Essay

Too physicalise a character from a play you need to have studied the specific character in a reasonable amount of detail, so you can portray them correctly. To do this effectively you need to do various exercises, all which will help you grasp the character the best you can. There are several methods which can help you to understand a character eg: Hot Seating, Spider Diagrams, and Workshops etc. In our lesson we explored the character by Hot Seating, Character Profiles and other exercises. Hot seating is an extremely effective method, as it puts you on the spot answering various questions in your characters persona. It helps lock in the information about the character you’re playing. You need to understand the questions being asked from your characters point of view so you can understand who your character is and why. We used this method in our lesson, and i found it was an effective way of physicalising a character. Another exercise we did in class which was effective was one where we were told to hold a pose in the form of our character then walk around the room in the characters style. This is a great exercise because although Hot Seating, Profiles are good they focus mainly on the psychological side, where as this focused on the physical aspect of the character. Character Profiles I believe are an essential tool in bringing a character to life. Because it allows you to go deep in to the information about the character, their background, family life, nationality etc. These aspects are what form how a character behaves and why they feel certain things. For example Stanley in Street Car Desire, has a particular hatred for being called a ‘polak’ as his family originates from Poland and deems the phrase derogatory towards them. Spider Diagrams are effective in showing your characters relations with other characters in the play. These are essential to know as it may influence why the act a certain way around someone. How did you explore the use of Verbal and Non=Verbal.

Behavior Systems Family and Teaching and Learning Activities

Teaching is one of the most difficult jobs, because teachers do not just teach subjects, they teach people, who have different personalities, learning styles, and interests. The behavior systems family of teaching models can help a teacher create an effective learning environment through mastery learning, direct instruction, simulating.The behavior systems family of teaching models focuses on the behaviorist theories of Skinner, com/b-f-skinner-and-albert-bandura/">Bandura, and others. Their theories showed that behavior can be conditioned or created. Teachers can use these theories to cultivate productive and successful classrooms.Mastery learning takes place when material is broken down into small sections that are easy to understand. According to Weil and Calhoun (2008), at the end of each unit, a test is administered to see if the students understood that section. Those who did can move on to the next phase, and those who did not can spend more time on the current section until t hey have. Direct instruction means that the activities and lessons are teacher directed. The students are in a less participatory role, often taking notes or listening to the teacher lecture.Students are given direct instruction for tasks and time to work independently. It is most helpful for teachers to use praise during this time to illicit good behavior and focused study. Simulation is when students role play real life situations in order to gain understanding. Tasks that are realistically complex can seem less so in a classroom setting. According to Mafune (n. d. ), students assume roles of people in various situations, and they are able to understand their motivation and actions. They can simulate a courtroom trial, and focus on specific parts of testimony, or the jurors.The behavioral systems family of teaching models can aid teachers a great deal. Teachers can use behavior theory to achieve their desired results through mastery learning, direct instruction, and simulations. R eferences Mafune, P. Teaching and learning models. A reflection on the work of Bruce Joyce, Bev Showers, Marsha Weil and Others. Retrieved May 22, 2009 from http://hagar. up. ac. za /catts/learner/patriciam/B3a. htm Joyce, B. , Weil, M. , & Calhoun, E. (2008) Models of teaching. (8th ed. ) Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Supervise Children and Young People on Journeys

Supervise children and young people on Journeys, visits and activities outside of the setting 1 . Understand the policy and procedures for supervising children and young people on Journeys, visits and activities outside of the setting. There are various organisational and legal requirements for supervising children on journeys, visits and activities outside of the school setting. These include policies and procedures which should be carried out by the school including risk assessments of areas that will be visited (New2teaching, 2013).Risks assessments will identify any hazards and/or dangers and who might be armed and how this may happen, allow the risks to be evaluated and check if the precautions are sufficient. They also allow staff to record their findings and review and revise assessments if necessary. Prior to the trip, the school will have to inform parents or guardians of all the necessary details in good time and obtain their consent for their child to go on the school trip . This should be in writing and include at least the location, date and time of departure and arrival, purpose, price and what is required on the trip by the children.The school should have other necessary information of each child going on the trip, ncluding dietary information, allergies, any other medical conditions and also if they suffer from travel sickness. Also, the school should ensure that there is a suitable adult-child ratio and that all Moreover, there must be sufficient insurance cover for all participants of the trip as well as accidents and emergency policies and procedures, which should be in place for off-site visits. There should be a budget in place for the school trip, including expenditure and contingency costs and all money should be accounted.A record should be made showing all payments made by pupils and receipts should be issued to each of hem. It is important that children, young people and adults have complete and accurate information about travel arrange ments in good time. This is to ensure that everyone arrives on time, prepared with any necessary resources. This is to avoid delay of departure or even not going on the visit if there is something missing or another difficult situation arises where someone or all of those who are involved may not be able to go on the trip as planned.It is necessary to ensure that vehicles used on trips are in good condition and safe for all passengers (New2teaching, 2013). Also, if the Journey is long, then it will be necessary to make sure there are snacks and check that there is a toilet on the coach or the relevant transport. If this is not possible then there should be an arranged stop for toilet breaks. It should be checked that drivers are competent and have the correct licence and if necessary whether to have more than one driver in case of fatigue.The preparations which need to be made by all those going on Journeys, visits and off-site activities would be to ensure that all individuals have appropriate clothing and sufficient food and drink should be taken where necessary. There should be a list of all those attending the visit and registers made for supervisors in order to account for all children on the trip. There should be someone who is in charge of funds in case of an emergency or break down of vehicle during a trip. should be ensured that there is a first aider on the trip, along with a first aid box.Also, at least one member of the group should carry a mobile phone with them in case of emergency and they should have emergency contact numbers. There should also be a point of contact belonging to the area visited on the school trip and the staff ember should be familiar of this. In case someone on the trip goes missing, staff should be aware of where to go in the area visited and should be made aware of the procedures. Any medication, for example, inhalers should be taken for those who may fall ill during the visit.In the case of late departure and arrival, the school should be informed by the relevant staff on the trip and parents should be notified for security reasons. The following is an account of the Oakwood Primary School trip for Nursery and Reception class to Gulliver's Land, in Milton Keynes, which took place on 27th June 013. Prior to the trip, I made sure what time I had to be in school for and what time the bus would be leaving. This was well after my normal start time for work so I didn't need to leave the house any earlier. As the Journey was about 45 minutes, it was a direct route.Therefore, no stops were needed. All staff that were attending were given a list with the names of the group of children for which they would be responsible. It was made sure that there were no more than 6 children in each group. My group was a group of 6 from the Reception class. The bus was due to leave at gam. As soon as the children arrived at 8. 30am and ushered into the class, they were settled down and the register was taken, ensuring all t he children that were going on the trip were present. Before departing, we bag and that it was labelled with their name.We also asked the children if they needed to go to the toilet so nobody needed to go during the Journey. The children were told to stay with their group at all times and were put into pairs. We then went to board the bus. I sat at the front of the bus and helped the children near me to put on their seatbelts. All of their packed lunches were placed at the front f the bus, in the designated area for luggage. The register was taken by the Early Years Manager and a headcount was carried out. I ensured all the children in my group were present.During the Journey, I made sure the children did not remove their seatbelts or move out of their seat. Some of the children had accessories like hats and sunglasses, so I told them to look after them. There were no issues during the Journey and the children were fine on the bus. When we arrived, the children were told to get thei r belongings and the bus was checked thoroughly to prevent anything being left ehind. The children were told to get into their groups and reminded of which staff member they would have to stay with throughout the trip.The register was taken to check that all the children were off the bus. I made my group stay in their pairs, hold hands with each other and to stay with me at all times. We arrived in good time, Just before the park opened. This ensured we had as much time as possible in the park. We were all given a map and details of attractions that were available throughout the day. When the park was open, we were allowed in and it was snack time for the children. So we went to a sheltered bench area and sat the children down and made sure they had their fruit or other snack. I made sure my group was sat down and in my sight.When they had finished their snack, I told them to throw their waste in the bins provided by the bench area and not litter the ground. They were told to give t heir pack lunches to their group leader and any belongings they did not require until later. These were all placed in secure lockers, which were next to the bench area. We were told to meet up again at this area at lunch time. We then decided to stay with other group and go on the same rides, so any children ho did not want to go on a particular ride could be supervised by another adult, while another group leader went on the ride with the rest of the children.The rides on which I escorted the children, I ensured they were sat securely, making sure any safety harnesses were attached and that they held on to the bars provided, so that they were comfortable. When it was almost time for lunch, we made our way back to the lunch area and gave into their carrier bag and put back in the locker, along with any other belongings. Occasionally the children some of the children would try to leave their partner or the roup as they were drawn to an attraction or something else and I was constantl y reminding them to stay together and not wander off.After going on a ride, one child in my group was not feeling well because the ride was a shock for her. We made sure she did not go on anymore rides that would not be appropriate and made her for a while until she felt better to go on other rides. In between rides, some children need to go to the toilet, so I accompanied them and left the other children in my group with another staff member. I counted how many children were with me and when they were finished, I ensured the same number of hildren came out of the toilet.It was nearing the time of departure from the park and we were waiting to get on a ride. My group was waiting with another group. We wanted the children to ride but we knew that there was a shortage of time. The other group leader made a call to the Early Years Manager to see if we would be able to go on the ride and she said that we did not have enough time. Therefore, we had to leave the waiting area for the ride and gather our groups. I went with the Early Years Manager to get the bags from the lockers, after leaving my roup supervised with another staff member.After we retrieved the bags and checked there was nothing left, we tended to our groups and ensured every child was there. When we exited the park, the children were in their pairs and we boarded the bus. The register was taken again and the headcount was repeated. On the way back a child sitting in front of me fell asleep, so I put her head in a comfortable position for her. When we reached school, I gently woke her before we got off the bus. As we got off the bus, we checked detached the children's seatbelt for hem and ensured that they were getting off safely and not leaving anything behind.

Calvin Klein – Brand Audit Questionnaire

Brand Exploratory Research (Consumer perspective) By doing this research, we intend to find the health of the brand, its sources of equity and suggest improvements if any. Name: Age: Gender: How often do you purchase dresses of the brand Calvin Klein? a. < 4 months b. 4-6 months c. 6-10 months d. Once a year e. Other How would you rate the following brand personality elements associated with Calvin Klein Products? (1-lowest and 5-highest) Brand Element| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Authentic| | | | | | Excitement| | | | | |Freshness| | | | | | Rich| | | | | | Ruggedness| | | | | | Stylish| | | | | | Smooth | | | | | | Happiness| | | | | | Status symbol| | | | | | Successful| | | | | | Variety| | | | | | Rate the following products of Calvin Klein according to your perception of like/dislike (1-lowest & 5-highest) Product Name| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Calvin Klein Collection| | | | | | Jeans| | | | | | Kids Wear| | | | | | Footwear & Shoes| | | | | | Perfumes/fragrances| | | | | | Skinny Jeans| | | | | | Underwear| | | | | |Swimwear| | | | | | Suits| | | | | | Polo T-shirt| | | | | | Accessories (handbags, belts, scarves, umbrella)| | | | | | When you think about the Calvin Klein, what product category immediately comes to mind? a. Calvin Klein collections b. Calvin Klein Menswear c. Calvin Klein Women Wear d. Calvin Klein Kids Wear e. Calvin Klein Sportswear What are the brand promotion elements that you have helped you identify Calvin Klein brand? Brand Element| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Logo| | | | | | Tagline/Slogan| | | | | |Television Advertisements| | | | | | CK Symbol| | | | | | Celebrities| | | | | | Online store/Website| | | | | | Billboards| | | | | | QR Codes| | | | | | Please choose a brand that you believe best describes each quality. Choose none if you feel none of the choice apply Trait| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Cool| | | | | | Young| | | | | | Contemporary| | | | | | Trendy| | | | | | Charming| | | | | | Upper class| | | | | | Friendly| | | | | | Glamorous | | | | | | Masculine | | | | | | Feminine| | | | | | Wholesome| | | | | |Confidence| | | | | | Cheerful| | | | | | Corporate| | | | | | What is your annual income? a. < 3 lakhs b. 3 to 6 lakhs c. 6 to 10 lakhs d. 10 to 15 lakhs e. > 15 lakhs When you think about your favourite brand of Calvin Klein, does this brand remind you of a person? a. Yes b. No Who makes the majority of purchasing decisions in your household? a. Spouse b. Yourself c. Joint decision d. Other How do you find out the latest product in the market? a. Fashion Magazines b. Television c. Internet d. Shopping Store e. Others

Fatima Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fatima - Essay Example rganization’s goals but also ensure the best condition of every employee to assist them in reaching their fullest potentials which, in turn, will benefit the organization at large. Illegal discrimination is a major hindrance to this. With proper knowledge of the existing laws, managers like me will know that Fatima and the group of Christian employees’ request to claim their rights of practicing their faiths as a Moslem and as Christians, respectively, is not uncommon; obviously, the population of workers in the United States have diverse cultural backgrounds. As promulgated by the Federal Law under â€Å"Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,† I know that every employee has the right to observe their faithful practices which may include but are not limited to style of dress, praying, and fasting (Mathis & Jackson, 2008, p. 106). Because there seems to be an impending conflict, it is only right to meet with both parties and inform them about the law, their right, as well as their limitation. Special arrangements shall be made to meet only the â€Å"possible and reasonable† demands of both parties as long as their work requirements and their productivity will not be affected (Pakroo, 2008, p. 119). The parties, too, cautioned of discriminating anyone who do not share the same faith as they do; and instead, they should practice their faith within the bounds of existing laws by preventing illegal harassment such as â€Å"severe insults or threats... meant to harass or intimidate an employee on the basis of religion† to avoid legal actions as well as to promote harmony within the workplace (FindLaw, n.d.). FindLaw. (n.d.). Religion in the workplace. Retrieved from http://employment.findlaw.com/employment/employment-employee-discrimination-

Autism Spectrum Disorder & The adverse Impact on Normal Development Research Paper

Autism Spectrum Disorder & The adverse Impact on Normal Development During Early Childhood - Research Paper Example Even though researchers have become aware of factors such as genetic abnormality, metabolic disorders, and viral agents which promote autism, the actual cause of autism remains unknown. Autism, regarded as a major developmental disorder that has adverse impact on the development of a child, is now seen as an issue that has certain specific biological, mental or social impacts. Studies reveal that parents and doctors find it essential to provide their children nutritional supplements because of disorder in gastrointestinal system. Many parents have the misconception that ASD is a primary brain disorder and a psychiatric condition. Even though Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is generally regarded as a developmental disorder, it has some biological, mental and social impacts that cause adverse effects in the developmental process of a child. Unlike previous conceptions, autism is now viewed as a biological disorder due to organic than psychosomatic factors. Uncharacteristic biology and chemistry in human brain interrupt smooth functioning of human brain and its organs. Genetic factors or biological reasons are significant in the formation of autism among the children. It is a brain based developmental problem that promotes difficulty in communication, cognition and social interaction. The problem is that parents seek various treatments and practice various medicines without proper awareness. This causes various health problems such as nutritional insufficiencies, allergy problems, intestinal overgrowth and immunity crisis because of the use of various drugs and medicines. Stephanie Marohn argues that many suffer from â€Å"weakened immunity or autoimmune problems† (Marohn, 2002). Studies have identified the fact that Autism mainly affects many parts of the brain. Defective functioning of brain and its organs caus es poor immune system. Medicinal reactions and allergies cause for frequent flu and it creates various problems to ear, eyes and nose among children

Emotional experience Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Emotional experience - Article Example The social and psychological impacts of this enormous advancement of technology are points of debate from the very beginning, and therefore considerable research has been devoted to find out the truth and balance between the extraordinary fruit of technology, mental dilemma regarding acceptability of the less worse in comparison to the worst (Verberg et al, 2008, 2050-2055) so the best possible outcomes can be delivered to the clients who are now consumers with great financial stakes (Smeenk et al., 2001, 1420-1423). It has been already cited in the literature that emotional components in IVF irrespective of a successful outcome are very intense, and emotional components of the participants often influence outcomes (de Klerk et al., 2003, xviii47-xviii48). Added to it, the resultant gloom, grief, and depression in the couple from a miscarriage would further make the outcome precarious in the next attempt (Brady et al., 2008, 186-190). Knowledge in this area is a necessity since it is often invisible, and the practitioner must consider these effects with a priority, since overlooking these is unethical and unprofessional, leading to a situation of unaccountability. There is evidence of adverse emotional experiences in such patients; however, the questions how far and how much intense and important these are need to be answered in order to address the gap in research and to design an intervention (Cumming et al., 2007, 1138-1145). Evidence from literature will be sought to design a methodology tha t can address these questions, and validity and reliability of these methods will be sought. A proposal for data collection will be made, and prospective synthesis of the findings will be undertaken so the utility for practice can be determined. Brief Literature Review A literature review with the key words, "in vitro fertilisation", "miscarriage", "emotional experience", "psychological stress", "assisted conception", "assisted reproduction" and "United Kingdom" was conducted from appropriate databases, and research articles were located. The initial articles were narrowed down to combine key words, and ultimately 5 studies were selected for review. The findings are presented below. Although not recent, the study by Mahlstedt et al. highlights the basic tenets of the emotional experience of the couples undergoing IVF. The aim of the study was to undertake a self-administered questionnaire study for a period of 6 months on 94 IVF and embryo transfer patients with the objectives of acknowledging their emotional states and of developing strategies for providing emotional support. This study revealed that 77% of the participants reported that they perceive the loss of control as the most stressful dimension leading to feelings of vulnerability and intense stress. Aside from these they reported a wide range of emotions during a brief period of time. This emotional strain was a major factor of consideration when the decision about a repeat procedure

Computer games and violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Computer games and violence - Essay Example dition of Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, research conclusions have been stated which prove that the violence depicted in computer games have a definite negative effect on social attitudes of the child. The experiment included research scientists from the Universities of California, San Francisco and Pittsburgh. A hundred male undergraduates, from varying socio-economic and ethnic backgrounds were chosen to participate. They were divided into two groups; each group playing a computer game, one more violent than the other. The results were surprising: Before and after playing the game, both groups filled out a questionnaire that tested their attitudes towards violent acts and their attitude towards risky pastimes - alcohol and marijuana use, and unprotected sex. Their blood pressure was measured during play. Men who played Grand Theft Auto had greater increases in blood pressure, more negative moods, more uncooperative behaviour, more conflict in their social interaction with others, and more permissive attitudes toward using alcohol and marijuana, compared to those who played The Simpsons. The more violent game, Grand Theft Auto included involvement with the mafia, bludgeoning the villain with a baseball bat, drug dealing and so on as part of its game’s plot; while, The Simpsons required the player to deliver Lisa Simpson’s homework to the Principal on time (ABC Health and Wellbeing, 2006). Long-term exposure to violence may lead to desensitizing the child or player to real pain. Battering or killing people becomes commonplace. If this idea is reinforced with rewards, the child may end up desiring this harmful kind of violence. The popular idea that playing violent games actually helps the child to vent their aggression is wrong. They only lead to skewed perceptions of Right and Wrong. How has the depiction of violence in computer games changed over the years? The first game to seriously bring up concerns was Legend of Zelda in 1987. The

Aboriginal history Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Aboriginal history - Coursework Example A survey was conducted that revealed that 38% of children were taken away from their families. Many families are still in search of their members, and many of them never had a chance to see each other again; this has caused the natives an immense emotional stress. This practice has led to the erosion of the nation’s culture and values; this is termed as the ‘Stolen Generation’ by the historians2. Keeping in mind the history of Australia, it is essential to have a vast knowledge of the aboriginal history for a teacher to hand down the facts of the existence of the land where people dwell and to reclaim the culture that was lost to the bills and acts passed by the European invaders3. Teaching the history of Aborigines will make the students familiar with the legacy, culture and norms of their country and the ongoing impact of colonialism on the society that they have become today. It will contribute to their knowledge that their identity dates back to 40,000 years ago; they will know that they belong to one of the oldest cultures in the world. Moreover, students have to face linguistic barriers which contribute to the trends of attendance; however, evidence suggests that the use of their native language influences the numeric figures greatly. Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) released a report which suggested that learning Torres Strait Islander, or Aboriginal, language could contribute to the academic results for all the students. Therefore, non-indigenous students will develop a significant knowledge of the cultural dissimilarities and mutual respect along with gaining insight into the history of the land where they live4. The historic accounts will also help the teachers to know the trick to teach Aboriginal students. Many schools in Australia have white teachers who do not know the history of Aborigines. Therefore, they misinterpret the behavior of the Aboriginal children; for example, it is against ethics to have an eye contact with

NBA relates to Popular Culture of America Essay

NBA relates to Popular Culture of America - Essay Example Besides, the numerous advantages the NBA offers explain why American people embrace the sport and recognize it as part of their popular culture. The National Basketball Association has been around since the 19th century and has undergone different transformations since its creation: â€Å"Dr. James A. Naismith invented the game of basketball in 1891† (Staffo). However, the leagues have met various hardships throughout the years since their implementation. The road was difficult and filled with various challenges as people learn their way through, improve and expand the leagues. This critic informs: â€Å"Until the recent surge in popularity of the NBA, professional basketball leagues had led tenuous existences. Professional basketball leagues began as early as 1898 only seven years after the invention of the game, but often professional barnstorming teams were more successful† (Nelson). This painful learning process leads to the successful industry we know today. Throug hout these years, the organization has known different names, increased the number of teams and even changed the configuration of the leagues. Many of the names of the teams were different from what we know today, and of course some were more successful than others. This statement indicates: â€Å"The literature on the history of professional basketball is extremely sparse prior to the emergence of the NBA in 1950. What has been written acknowledges the superiority of the Celtics, but generally recycles the same stories regarding them† (Nelson). This lack of interest reflects the level of the organization during that time, which did not have much popularity. In addition, the differences between the old teams and the current ones are considerably remarkable in almost all aspects. They may even be confusing if we know that the current Celtics are in Boston while the old team was in New York. This significant detail may be hard to understand for those not aware of the NBA histor y. However, regardless of its location, the team seems to have always been successful. This assertion reveals: â€Å"Probably the most famous and, arguably, the most successful was the Original Celtics of New York, a team inducted into the Naismith Hall of Fame in 1959† (Nelson). Besides, professional basketball has not always been prominent; it was actually a game for the lower class, especially African Americans. These ethnic groups’ inability to afford college compels them to become professionals with the hope to earn money and improve their living conditions. According to this author: â€Å"College basketball was the game of the middle and upper classes, while professional basketball, only recently removed from the settlement houses of ethnic neighborhoods, was the game of the lower class and the "ethnic" middle class† (Nelson). This difference between college basketball and the NBA totally conflicts with what we know today because professional basketball ha s become more proficiently and successful. This recent success of the NBA comes with much popularity because many people embrace the sport and make it their own. This popularity explains why NBA has become part of American popular culture because numerous people buy expensive tickets to attend games or subscribe to cable TV to follow their favorite teams.

Literary research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Literary research - Essay Example Women searches for ways and means to be appreciated in response to obvious inequality to the relevant worth of existence. The current research aims to expound, through the novel as the backdrop, the apparent unequal role of women compared to men during the historical frame, particularly in the 1930s. II. Status of Women’s Roles in Society in the 1930s A. Brief description of women’s roles The discourse written by Moran clearly illustrated the roles of women in society during the 1930s. This time period was depicted as the Great Depression, where â€Å"worldwide economic collapse following the stock market crash in 1929, in which unemployment remained high for an extended period and many businesses failed† (Investor Words, par. 1). Therefore, despite the spur of enlightenment of women towards the promotion of equal rights through the passage of laws depicted in the 19th Amendment in 1920s, the economic slowdown and financial crisis delayed the persistent and deter mined focus to fight for equal rights. As Moran averred, â€Å"the 1930s brought apple-sellers to city street corners and breadlines to urban charity houses. In a depressed economy, unemployment figures escalated and federal forces concentrated on bringing Americans back to work. Or, more accurately, bringing American men back to work. For society viewed working women as un-American money grubbers, stealing jobs from men who needed them to support their families† (par. 3). B. Perceived Inequality of Women’s Rights Prior to efforts to fight for equal rights, women were rarely given the opportunities to be properly educated, to vote, to work or be employed, among others. The fact was validated in the article entitled How Does the Representation of Women Change Between 1930-1960 On the Covers of Vogue? The article revealed that â€Å"the 1930s were a less vibrant decade for women, seeing the depression, which meant that all women were encouraged to return to their homes whilst men returned to jobs that were becoming scarce. All their roles and responsibilities were taken away from them; the economy could not deal with the growing number of men returning to work. Any women who married therefore gave up her right to work. This meant women had to spend more time at home doing the domestic jobs that would normally be considered the women’s ‘job’† (How Does, par. 5). The setting was typically exemplified by Curley’s wife, who is left spending most of her time hanging around with the workers; rather than having something productive and rewarding done according to her skills and abilities. C. Effects of Inequality of Women The study conducted by Amartya Sen on the Many Faces of Gender Inequality has attested to the continued existence of inequality felt by women the world over. The author categorized inequalities in gender according to seven types, to wit: (1) mortality inequality (â€Å"high mortality rates of women and a consequent preponderance of men in the total population† (Sen, par. 3); (2) natality inequality (the preference accorded to male children over female); (3) basic facility inequality (opportunities for education, cultivation of one’s talents, and participation in social functions); (4) special opportunity inequality (pursuing higher education and delving into more professional training);